The system behind the answers

Deep Dive

Biblical defenses, philosophical explanations, historical context, and answers to common objections.

A System of Theology

The catechism is not a collection of isolated sayings. Its answers form a coherent account of God, creation, sin, redemption, moral duty, grace, worship, and the Christian hope all based on Biblical teaching. The Westminster Shorter Catechism presents the Biblical teaching on these topics because the Bible is the rule for faith and life by which other teachings are judged.

1. The End of Man

Why glorifying and enjoying God gives human life its objective meaning.

2. Scripture and Knowledge

Why the Word of God is the only infallible rule for faith and obedience.

3. The Being of God

Spirit, infinity, eternity, immutability, and the divine attributes.

4. Trinity

One God in three persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost.

5. Creation and Providence

God’s decree, creation from nothing, and his government of all things.

6. Covenant and Fall

Adam’s representative role, original sin, guilt, corruption, and misery.

7. Christ the Redeemer

The incarnation and Christ’s offices as prophet, priest, and king.

8. The Application of Redemption

Effectual calling, justification, adoption, sanctification, and perseverance.

9. The Moral Law

The Ten Commandments as the summary of our duty to God and neighbor.

10. The Means of Grace

The Word, sacraments, and prayer as Christ’s appointed ordinances.